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Cooling Water Treatment

Cooling towers are used widely due to their optimal cooling technology for industrial processes and HVAC applications. Water shortages combined with increased water usage have combined to decrease the availability and increase the cost of high quality makeup water for cooling tower systems. Stringent environmental regulations for effluent water discharge have led to a pressing need for better technology and products. This coupled with the control of scale, biological fouling, deposition and corrosion has increased the challenges in the proper operation and maintenance of an effective cooling water system.

Siam Water Solutions provides an extensive range of products and services for open-circulating once-through and closed loop systems. Our technical team does a thorough system survey of the cooling tower system and our treatment program is based upon the following factors

  • Water Chemistry
  • Types of Microorganisms
  • System Parameters
  • System design and metallurgy
  • Target KPI’s

One of the primary steps to achieve trouble free plant operations is to accurately assess the cooling water system and the critical exchangers associated with it. This assessment is multi-dimensional and covers a majority of operations to have detailed insight supported with recommendations for implementation of best practises in Industry.

It has been Siam Water Solutions philosophy to conduct such a study before recommending or implementing a technically superior Cooling Water Treatment program. The Siam Water Solutions assessment service F.I.R.S.T which is to Find. Interpret. Report. Standardize. Train. is an effective tool for a forensic insight into cooling water systems.

F.I.R.S.T which is to Find. Interpret. Report. Standardize

The F.I.R.S.T support will collect data, conduct root-cause analyses, identify actions which would be measurable and list the customer's relevant KPIs

Siam Water Solutions will deploy a highly competent technical team with in-depth knowledge of Water Management and Operations to review current conditions. This study is proposed in following two phases

Phase I

  • Water Chemistry Trends
  • Corrosion mitigation and monitoring procedures
  • Deposition and fouling control
  • Microbiology and Bio-control
  • Monitoring and treatment approach
  • Root cause analysis of failures, if any

Phase II

  • Recommendations for improvements in current program and procedures.
  • Design of customised Cooling Water Treatment program. This would include details of product chemistry, mechanism of actions, on site application support service like chemical feed, chemical and microbiological analysis, monitoring of critical KPIs, water conservation and other value added service, the overall implementation of which would lead to the following

Our comprehensive cooling water treatment program consists of Corrosion Inhibition, Scale Inhibition and Biocide control complemented by continuous monitoring and evaluation of the system

  • Corrosion Control
    Corrosion Inhibitors are designed for prevention of metal loss in pipelines, headers, critical heat transfer equipment and cooling equipment.
    Siam Water Solutions has a wide range of both anodic and cathodic inhibitors that are specifically formulated to passivate the metal by reducing the corrosion potential. Some of the chemistries frequently incorporated in the products are based on
    • Orthophosphates
    • Meta/Poly Phosphates
    • Phosphonates
    • Zinc
    • Molybdate
    • Nitrite
    • Silicates
    • Azoles
  • Scale Control
    Due to the many impurities in water, there are possibilities of reduced heat transfer, corrosion, restriction in water throughput and equipment downtime. Tailor made specific scale inhibitor programs are extremely critical for scale and fouling control as well as mineral scale prevention.
    Scale/Deposit control agents are also known as dispersants, hardness stabilizers or antifoulants and they work on the following principles
    • Crystal Modification
    • Threshold Treatment
    • Agglomeration of Solids
    • Prevention of accumulation on critical surfaces
    Siam Water Solutions has a comprehensive range of polymers, polyphosphates, and organic phosphates to control deposits and scale formation.
  • Microbiological Control
    Cooling towers are susceptible to microbiological activity due to the open design and exposure to sunlight. Algae, bacteria, SRB’s and fungi thrive in cooling towers as they have an ideal environment. Inadequate control of microbiology also leads to formation of biolfilm, which is 2.5 times more potent than mineral scales in impairing heat transfer.
    Siam Water Solutions technical experts do a complete micro study for identifying organisms and evaluate chemistries to adopt a high-kill program. Continuous monitoring of bacterial counts along with visual inspection by Siam Water Solutions site staff is a standard process at each customer’s site.

    The 3 main product solutions used for microbiological control are

    • Oxidizing Biocides
    • Non-oxidizing Biocides
    • Biodisperants

    Oxidizing biocides commonly used are

    • Chlorine
    • Bromine
    • Chlorine Dioxide
    • Ozone
    These kill microorganisms by the electrochemical process of oxidation.

    Non-oxidizing biocides commonly used are

    • Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • Carbamates
    • 2,2, Dibromo-3-nitrilopropanamide (DBNPA)
    • And many more….
    • Methylene BisIsothiocynate (MBT)
    • Isothiazolines
    • Glutaraldehydes
    Non-oxidizing biocides kill microorganisms by disrupting the cell wall or preventing reproduction/respiration of the cells.
    Biodispersants are used as penetrants into biofilms so that the biocide molecule can kill the microorganism on the metal surface.

    Some commonly used biodispersants are

    • Polyamines
    • Ethoxylated Condensates
    • Specific Enzymes
    Our comprehensive range of innovative chemistries include a range of corrosion and scale inhibitors, biodispersants and microbiocides, which ensure the following benefits for your system
    • Clean heat transfer surface
    • Reduced water usage
    • Reduced maintenance costs
    • Decreased operating costs
    • Improved safety and minimized risk

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